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Writer's picturebarbara ellison-smith

TMJ dysfunction and headaches

Updated: May 7

TMJ (temporomandibular joint) tension and misalignment can cause headaches. Here's how:

  1. TMJ Disorder (TMD) Symptoms: TMJ disorders can lead to various symptoms, including headaches.

  2. Jaw Misalignment: Misalignment of the jaw joint can result in tension and stress on the surrounding muscles, leading to headaches.

  3. Muscle Tension: TMJ-related muscle tension in the face, neck, and head can contribute to headaches.

  4. Progression to Migraines: TMJ issues, if left untreated, can progress to daily migraines.



TMJ Disorder
TMJ Treatment

Treatment options involve Neuromuscular internal jaw work to align Biomechanics and sometimes NasalRX is useful if necessary post a diagnostic finding of restrictions in the wider cranial structure. Headache & Tendon in Christchurch New Zealand achieve high performance results with our clinical knowledge and expertise.


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TMJ disorders entail an internal disruption within the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), causing a displacement of the disc from its typical alignment with the mandibular condyle and the temporal bone.


It's estimated that around 25% of the population experiences this issue, initially managed with non-surgical methods. If these methods fail, surgical interventions like meniscectomy and disc repositioning may be necessary. Recent studies using magnetic resonance imaging reveal that even asymptomatic individuals may have disc displacement, highlighting the prevalence of this condition.


The advent of TMJ arthroscopic surgery, an invasive procedure, has opened treatment options, filling the gap between unsuccessful non-surgical treatments and invasive procedures. This approach, alongside arthrocentesis, has gained popularity in treating TMJ internal derangements resistant to non-surgical therapy.



Understanding the Clinical Stages

Anatomical and clinical studies have shed light on the progression of TMJ disorders, classifying them into four clinical stages:

  1. Stage One - Disc Displacement with Reduction: Characterized by reciprocal clicking due to anterior disc displacement, often accompanied by limited mouth opening.

  2. Stage Two - Disc Displacement with Reduction and Intermittent Locking: Features additional episodes of limited mouth opening, akin to hitting an obstruction.

  3. Stage Three - Closed Lock: Presents with the disappearance of clicking noises but persistent limited opening, causing TMJ pain and chronic discomfort.

  4. Stage Four - Disc Displacement without Reduction and Degenerative Joint Disease: Represents advanced TMJ dysfunction, marked by thinning and perforation of the disc.


Understanding these stages elucidates the progressive nature of TMJ disorders and underscores the importance of timely intervention to mitigate associated symptoms and complications.

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